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UNIT 11 OUR GREENER WORLD

1. PHONETICS

I. Write the sound /ɑː/ or /æ/ of the letter a underlined.

1. VOCABULARY AND GRAMMAR

Match the word with its meaning.

• 1. reuse a. to keep something to use in the future
  2. reduce b. to give something to someone in exchange for something else
  3. recycle c. to use something again
  4. save d. to make something start working
  5. wrap e. to make something less
  6. swap f. to cover something completely in paper
  7. turn on g. to make something stop working
  8. turn off h. to treat waste materials so that they can be used again

Complete the sentences with the word(s) from the box.

deforestation noise air environment water soil

• 1. Our is becoming more and more polluted.
  2. is destroying large areas of tropical rain forest.
  3. pollution can cause diseases such as asthma and bronchitis.
  4. pollution affects drinking water, rivers, lakes and oceans.
  5. pollution can lead to famines if the plants are unable to grow in it.
  6. pollution can cause hearing problems.

Underline the correct words.

• 1. These materials are recycled/ reduced into other packaging products.
  2. These containers are refutable/ reusable. You can use them again.
  3. Try to reduce/ reuse the amount of wastes you produce.
  4. Please turn the television on/ off before you go to bed.
  5. Take these old newspapers to the recycling/ recycled bin.
  6. If more people cycle, there will be less/ more air pollution.
  7. Recycle/ Reuse old clothing by donating it to a local charity.
  8. We can waste/ save a lot of trees if we recycle waste paper.

Put the verbs in brackets into the correct form.

• 1. We (stay) at home if it rains.
  2. She will call you if she _ (have) time.
  3. If it (not rain) tomorrow, we will go for a picnic.
  4. If everyone (recycle) paper, metal and glass, we (not produce) so much rubbish.
  5. If you (not water) plants, they (die).
  6. If the weather (be) bad, we (not go) to the park.
  7. We (save) thousands of trees if we (not waste) so much paper.
  8. What (happen) if we (keep) polluting the environment.
  9. If we (not stop) cutting down so many trees, we (endanger) our oxygen supply.
  10. If people _ (dump) chemicals into rivers, they (not be) able to swim in them in the future.

Circle the correct word or phrase.

• 1. If the weather is / will be fine, the children walk / will walk to school.
  2. I lend / will lend you my laptop if you promise / will promise to be careful with it.
  3. If they don’t do / won’t do their homework, their teacher punish / will punish them.
  4. Jane gets / will get lost if she doesn’t have / won’t have the town map.
  5. If I see / will see Ken later today, I tell / will tell him to call you.
  6. My mother buys / will buy me a present if I pass / will pass my exams.
  7. If there is / will be no water, all living things die / will die.
  8. You aren’t / won’t be able to sleep if you watch / will watch horror movies.

Write the first conditional sentences using the cues given.

• 1. If/ Sue/ not hurry/ she/ miss/ the bus
  2. Rita/ pass/ the exam/ if/ she/ study/ hard
  3. If/ he/ watch/ too much television/ he/ hurt/ his eyes
  4. If/ it/ not be/ sunny/ tomorrow/ we/ not go/ to the beach
  5. We/ visit/ her/ if / we/ have/ time
  6. I/ not wait/ if/ you/ arrive/ late
  7. They/ not play/ tennis/ tomorrow/ if/ it/ rain
  8. If/ you/ not set/ your alarm clock/ you/ not wake up/ on time

Match the two halves of these conditional sentences.

• 1. If man keeps polluting the environment, a. we will endanger our oxygen supply.
  2. If we dump all sorts of chemicals into rivers, b. sea levels will rise too.
  3. If we don’t stop cutting down so many trees, c. there won’t be so much waste.
  4. If the global temperature rises, d. they will run out of drinking water one

day.

• 1. If more people use reusable shopping bags, e. we will save a lot of electricity.
  2. If people don’t use water more wisely, f. we won’t be able to swim in them.
  3. If everyone turns off unwanted lights. g. earth will be in danger.

Complete each sentence with an appropriate preposition.

1. You can buy reusable shopping bags the check-out.
2. The three Rs stand
3. These shopping bags are made

Reduce, Reuse and Recycle.

natural materials.

1. Don’t throw old things _ . Try to find another use for them.
2. You should turn the tap when you brush your teeth.
3. You shouldn’t wrap the food a plastic bag.
4. Give your old clothes charity.
5. You should swap your clothes your friends or cousins.
6. SPEAKING

Complete this dialogue with the sentences from the box.

Deforestation is one of them. We should plant more trees.

Have you any problem? Is smoke responsible for air pollution? How can we prevent air pollution? what is the cause of air pollution?

Matt: Hi, Jane. I want to talk to you about air pollution. (1) Jane: No problem. Carry on.

Matt: According to you (2)

Jane: here are many causes of air pollution. (3) Matt: (4)

Jane: Yes, it is. Besides this, the chemicals of mills and factories pollute the air. Matt: (5)

Jane: We should be conscious about environment. (6) Matt: Thank you very much.

Jane: You’re welcome.

Reorder the sentences to make a dialogue.

It’s a good idea!

But you can recycle that!

A reusable container? What for?

They don’t really do anything with this, do they?

1 What are you doing?

Sure they do. They make boxboard for cereal.

And you should bringing your lunch in a reusable container.

I’m throwing away this cardboard box.

To reduce waste.

Oh, well I guess I’ll recycle it!

1. READING

Complete the passages with the words from the box.

what recycled protect later throw waste reuse natural

How people can help with recycling?

As inhabitants of the earth we all have a duty to (1) the environment. We should contribute to environmental protection by finding new ways of using products we (2) away. Nowadays recycling is an industry. As the world’s (3) _ resources run out, manufacturers must find ways of reusing products. (4) can we do to help our environment?

• We can sort our (5) by separating it and then taking it to the appropriate recycling bins.
• We can (6) things such as jars and envelopes.
• We can buy (7) products like stationery.
• We can transform our waste food into a fertilizer which we may use as compost for our gardens (8)

Read the passage then choose the correct answers.

Green Cities

What makes a city green? It’s a huge challenge for cities to be earth-friendly. Not only do they have lots of people, buildings, traffic, trash, and air pollution, but they also consume more than half of the world’s energy.

Many cities in the world have taken up the challenge to be earth-friendly. Look at what some of these cities have done:

Reykjavik, Iceland, is run entirely on green energy. Its transit system uses hydrogen buses and most of its buildings use non-polluting energy sources like geothermal and hydroelectricity.

Malmo and Stockholm in Sweden are noted for their green spaces and parks and for successfully cleaning up their water and air.

Portland, Oregon, was one of the first American cities to focus on earth-friendly transit with light-rail and bike paths to encourage people to leave their cars at home.

Curitiba, Brazil, uses unique green methods for maintenance. Their grass parks are trimmed by sheep!

Vancouver, British Columbia, uses wind, solar, and water energy to generate power. Nearly all

of the city is powered by clean hydroelectricity.

• 1. In what country is Malmo?
     1. Brazil b.Spain c.Sweden d.Iceland
  2. How much of the world’s energy is consumed by cities?
     1. one quarter b. one and a half c. more than half d.all
  3. Which city is run entirely on green energy?
     1. Reykjavik b.Seattle c.Stockholm d. Portland
  4. How are the buses powered in Reykjavik?
     1. diesel fuel b.hydrogen c.unleaded gasoline d.geothermal
  5. How does the grass get cut in the parks of Curitiba?
     1. They use push mowers. b. Children stomp on it.

c. People trim it off. d. Sheep graze on it.

• 1. None of Vancouver is powered by hydroelectricity.
     1. True b.False c.No information
  2. Portland, Oregon was one of the first US cities to focus on earth-friendly transit.
     1. True b. False c. No information

1. WRITING

Write the first conditional sentences.

• 1. You should work hard, or you won’t pass the exam.

If

• 1. Henry fails his examination. His parents will be sad.

If

• 1. Sue shouldn’t go out this weekend, or she won’t have time to study.

If

• 1. I think it’ll snow tomorrow. I will go skiing.

If

• 1. He should leave soon, or he’ll miss the bus.

If

• 1. Don’t play with matches. You will hurt yourself.

If

Complete the sentences with your own words.

• 1. If we all use reusable shopping bags,
  2. If more people cycle,
  3. We will save a lot of trees if
  4. A lot of fish will die if
  5. If you have a shower instead of a bath,

TEST FOR UNIT 11

Choose the word whose underlined part is pronounced differently from the others.

How can we make every day a Green Day? Complete the sentences with the words or phrases from the box.

Turnoff Use Don’t throw Clean Collect

1. away things you can recycle.
2. the tap when you brush your teeth.
3. up the beach.
4. the rubbish from the park near your school.
5. the same plastic bags again and again.
6. the lights when you go out of a room.

Choose the correct answers a, b, c or d.

• 1. Soil pollution can lead to lack food.
     1. for b. in c. on d. of
  2. Almost 27,000 trees are cut every day just to make toilet paper!
     1. off b. down c.up d.in
  3. The three Rs _ reduce, reuse and recycle.
     1. mean by b. turn to c.standfor d.putup

4 You shouldn’t throw those papers away; they’re _

a. refillable b. reducible c.recyclable d.repayable

1. We should use reusable shopping bags _ plastic bags.
   1. instead of b. because of c.in spite of d. place of
2. Thousands of people donated money and food to those in .
   1. length b. need c.order d.space
3. pollution can cause hearing loss.
   1. Air b. Water c.Noise d. Soil
4. Turn off the tap you brush your teeth and washing your face.
   1. when b. if c.because d. although
5. If more people cycle, there will be air pollution.
   1. much b. more c.less d. little
6. Which of the following cannot be recycled?
   1. Milk cartons b. Glass bottles c. Cans d.Plastic bags

Complete the sentences with the correct form or tense of the verbs in brackets.

• 1. If people share their cars to go to work, there (not be) so many car fumes.
  2. I (study) here for more than three years.
  3. What a nice dress! Where (you/ buy) it?
  4. Don’t forget to take your umbrella. It (rain).
  5. If we (recycle) paper products, we (save) more trees.
  6. Our class (organise) a writing contest. We have to write about theenvironment.
  7. Give old clothes to charity instead of (throw) them away.
  8. Encouraging people (use) public transport is a great way to reduce traffic jams.

Complete the sentences with the correct form of the words in brackets.

• 1. Water in the area is severely . (pollute)
  2. Recycling also helps control
  3. You shouldn’t buy food wrapped in a lot of

pollution by reducing waste. (environment)

. (package)

• 1. These bags are . They can be used many times. (reuse)
  2. causes global warming. (deforest)
  3. Many paperboard cartons are made of paper. (recycle)
  4. To save , turn off lights and television when not in use. (electric)
  5. If we pollute the air, we will have problems,. (breathe)

Match the questions to the answers.

• 1. What can be recycled? a. Have a shower instead of a bath.
  2. What can you do with your old clothes? b. In the recycling bin.
  3. What kind of bags should you use? c. Walk, ride a bike or take a bus.
  4. How can you save water? d. Swap them with your friends or give them to

charity.

• 1. Where should you put old newspapers? e. Reusable bags.
  2. What can you do to reduce air pollution? f. Paper, cardboard, cans and bottles.

Choose the correct answers to complete the passage.

Three ways everyone can help make the Earth a greener place is to reduce, reuse, and recycle!

When people reduce it means they are using (1) of something. This allows us tocreate less waste. Turning off the faucet when we brush our teeth is a simple way to reduce. This is a small action that prevents us from wasting (2) .

Another small action people can take is to reuse things we already have. Taking bagsto the store (3) we shop for food is one way to reuse them. Using both (4) ofpiece of paper before getting a new one is another way to reuse.

(5) is when new materials are created from old ones. Paper, plastic, and metalare all materials that can be recycled. Things like newspapers, soda cans, and plastic bags can all be

turned (6) new objects if we take the time to recycle them!

Read the passage, then do the tasks.

Earth Day is a birthday! Just like a birthday is a special day to celebrate a person, Earth Day is a special day that celebrates the Earth. It is a day to remember to take care of our planet.

Earth Day was born on April 22,1970, in San Francisco, California. It is now the largest, most celebrated environmental event worldwide. Every year, many countries around the world join together in the celebration of Earth Day on April 22nd. On Earth Day, people celebrate by doing things that help to protect the environment. Some things people do to help the Earth are: turn off the lights to conserve energy, plant trees, recycle, and pick up garbage in their communities.

You don’t have to wait for Earth Day though, you can help the environment every day!

Decide whether the following statements are True (T) or False (F).

• 1. The first Earth Day was celebrated around the world.
  2. Earth Day is a day to take care of our planet, Earth.
  3. A few countries celebrate Earth Day.
  4. On Earth Day, people do some good things that help the planet.
  5. Turning lights off is a way to save energy.

Answer the questions.

• 1. Where was Earth Day started?
  2. On what day is Earth Day celebrated?
  3. What can people do to help the Earth?

Complete the second sentence so that it means the same as first one.

• 1. There are a few students taking part in the event.

There aren’t

• 1. They have lived here for two years.

They moved

• 1. You should turn unwanted lights off, or you will waste a lot of electricity.

If

• 1. Let’s write about the three Rs?

Why

• 1. Learning about recycling is fun.

It’s

• 1. Plastic bags are cheaper than reusable bags.

Reusable bags are

• 1. It’s not good to throw old clothes away.

You

• 1. Remember to turn the tap off when you are brushing your teeth.

Don’t

ĐÁP ÁN

UNIT 11: OUR GREENER WORLD

1. PHONETICS

1. VOCABULARY AND GRAMMAR

I. 1.c 2.e 3. h 4. a 5. f 6. b 7. d 8. g

VI. 1. If Sue doesn’t hurry she will miss the bus.

2.Rita will pass the exam if she studies hard.

3.If he watches too much television he will hurt his eyes.

4.If it isn’t sunny tomorrow we won’t go to the beach.

1. We will visit her if we have time.
2. I won’t wait if you arrive late.
3. They won’t play tennis tomorrow if it rains.
4. If you don’t set your alarm clock, you won’t wake up on time.

VII. 1.g 2. f 3. a 4. b 5. c 6. d 7.e

VIII. 1. at 2. for 3. of 4. away5. off 6. in 7. to 8. with

1. SPEAKING
2. 1. Have you any problem? 2. what is the cause of air pollution?

3. Deforestation is one of them. 4. Is smoke responsible for air pollution?

5. How can we prevent air pollution? 6. We should plant more trees.

1. - What are you doing?
   • I’m throwing away this cardboard box.
   • But you can recycle that!
   • They don’t really do anything with this, do they?
   • Sure they do. They make boxboard for cereal.
   • Oh, well I guess I’ll recycle it!
   • And you should bringing your lunch in a reusable container.
   • A reusable container? What for?
   • To reduce waste.
   • It’s a good idea!
2. READING

1. WRITING
2. 1. If you work hard, you will pass the exam.
3. If Henry fails his examination, his parents will be sad.
4. If Sue goes out this weekend, she won’t have time to study. 4.If it snows tomorrow, I will go skiing.

5.If he doesn’t leave soon, he will miss the bus. 6.If you play with matches, you will hurt yourself.

Suggested answer:

• 1. If we all use reusable shopping bags, there won’t be so much waste. 2.If more people cycle, there will be less air pollution.

3.We will save a lot of trees if we recycle waste paper.

4.A lot of fish will die if we dump chemical waste into rivers.

5.If you have a shower instead of a bath, you will save a lot of water.

TEST FOR UNIT 11

I. 1. c 2. a 3. b 4. d 5. b

II. 1. c 2. d 3. b 4. a 5. c

1. 1. Don’t throw 2. Turn off 3. Clean 4. Collect 5. Use 6. Turn off

IV. 1. d 2. b 3. c 4. c 5. a 6. b 7. c 8. a 9. c 10. d

1. 1. f 2. d 3.e 4. a 5. b 6. c
2. 1. d 2. c 3. a 4. b 5. c 6. d

IX. A. 1. F 2. T 3. F 4. T 5. T

B. 1. Earth Day was started in San Francisco, California.

2.Earth Day is celebrated on April 22.

3.People can turn off the lights, plant trees, recycle and pick up garbage in their communities.

X. 1. There aren’t many students taking part in the event.

2.They moved here two years ago.

3.If you don’t turn unwanted lights off, you will waste a lot of electricity.

4.Why not write about the three Rs?/ Why don’t we write about the three Rs?

5.It’s fun to learn about recycling.

6.Reusable bags are more expensive than plastic bags.

7.You shouldn’t throw old clothes away.

8.Don’t forget to turn the tap off when you are brushing your teeth.