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UNIT 7: POLLUTION

1. PHONETICS
2. Mark the stress in the following.

Write the words from the box in the correct part of the table, according to the stress pattern.

historic horrific

global

specific musical

scientific political

scenic

comic

electrical artistic

logical tragic

physical

technological

heroic

natural

magic

original systematic arrival emotional economical central

critical grammatical academic mathematical

1. VOCABULARY AND GRAMMAR

Match the different types of pollution to the pictures.

water pollution

soil pollution

light pollution visual pollution

air pollution noise pollution

radioactive pollution thermal pollution

1. Complete the sentences with the words or phrases in part I.
   1. The smoke from planes, cars and factories causes _.
   2. There are many causes of including nuclear explosions, nuclear accidents and nuclear waste.
   3. can cause hearing loss and tinnitus.
   4. can be caused by unattractive views, such as power lines, billboards, Street banners, open storage of trash, ugly buildings, etc.
   5. can lead to the death of aquatic plants and animals.
   6. can happen when the temperature of a body of water increases;
   7. There’s just so much from the ground that we simply can’t see most of the stars.
   8. The ever-increasing use of Chemicals such as pesticides and fertilizers is one of the main factors causing .

Complete the sentences with the words from the box.

1. or wastewater should be treated before it is discharged into the river or ocean.
2. More and more waste and are poured into the water, the soil and the air.
3. The _ material is stored in a special radiation-proof Container.
4. Oil spills can cause the death of animals such as fish.
5. _sewage can spread disease and contaminate drinking water sources.
6. Cholera is transmitted through water
7. The health of air pollution include heart disease, lung cancer, and asthma.
8. Carbon dioxide is a dangerous air .
9. Over 150,000 tonnes of waste are annually along the coastline.
10. Up to 100.000 fish were found _ along the river last week.

Underline the right option.

The planet’s water reserves are constantly polluted by waste from agriculture, industries, and (1) sewage / sewers / sewing. Since water is always circulating through

the environment, it transports the (2) pollution / polluted / pollutants it contains from one area to the next. A pesticide that is (3) sprayed / spread / crowded on a field, for example, seeps into the groundwater, finds its way to a stream, and finally (4) ends up / gives up / comes up in the ocean. These toxic substances harm (5) poisonous / aquatic / dead plants and animals, and also infect the food Chain, causing certain plant and animal species to become (6) extinct / extinction / extincted. They can also (7) effect / defect / affect humans who eat fish. Even though (8) dumping / collecting / clearing garbage in the ocean is strictly forbidden, many countries release their (9) treated / untreated / treatment sewer waste and dispose of their garbage into the water. In addition to this, more than 6 million tons of oil are accidentally (10) spilled / littered / floated into the ocean every year.

Match the two halves of the sentence.

1. Choose the best answer to complete the sentences.
2. The river water is severely polluted, mostly the dumping of raw sewage.
   1. due to B. lead to C. because D. so
3. Sudden changes in water temperature can mass killings of fish, plants, or amphibians.

A. come up B. result in C. dump into D. thank to

1. Water pollution the death of all forms of life in the water bodies.
   1. occurs B. results of C. creates D. leads to
2. plastic takes so long to break down, it pollutes the land and ocean.
   1. Because B. Due to C. Even if D. Although
3. Many flights were cancelled the smoke from forest fires.
   1. so B. because C. because of D. result in
4. the garbage dump smells terrible, no one lives around there.
   1. Because of B. As C. As a result of D. Even though
5. the grain consumption is rising, forests will be cut to provide more room for planting crops.

A. since B. Although C. unless D. Due to

1. Grace didn’t love nature, she wasn’t happy when her group went camping in a jungle.

A. but B. and C. because D. so

1. Thousands of fish were killed a discharge of poisonous Chemicals from a nearby factory.

A. because B. lead to C. result in D. as a result of

1. the fog, there were no take-oils from the airport yesterday.
   1. Since B. Because C. Owing to D. Thanks to

Complete the sentences with the verbs in brackets. Use conditional sentences type 1.

1. If the air in a City (get) very polluted, it can make people’s eyes burn.
2. If we dump all sorts of Chemicals into rivers, we (not be) able to swim in them in the future.
3. Many wildlife habitats will be destroyed if people (keep) polluting the environment.
4. If we all use public transport more, we (help) reduce air pollution.
5. If we (not stop) over-fishing the oceans, many species (become)

extinct.

1. If everyone (recycle) paper, metal and glass, we (not produce) so much rubbish.
2. We (have) dirty seafood if we (dump) rubbish into the sea.
3. If global warming (continue), temperatures (rise) even higher.
4. If light pollution_ (keep) growing, you (not be) able to see even the Big Dipper at night.
5. We (threaten) our own existence if we (not cut down) the waste rapidly.

Complete the sentences with the verbs in brackets. Use conditional sentences type 2.

1. If people (not be) so careless, Earth wouldn’t be in danger.The amount of waste (decrease) if people started to buy reusable packages.
2. Many fish wouldn’t die if factories (not dump) so many Chemicals into rivers and oceans.
3. If people stopped using cars completely, there (be) much less pollution.
4. If people (buy) more recycled paper, there wouldn’t be so much waste.
5. If we (not bury) Chemical waste underground, we _ (not pollute)

fresh water supplies.

1. Pollution (not be) such an issue if governments and common people really

_ (care).

1. What _ (happen) if the whole world _ (be) full of pollution?
2. If people (pay) a little more attention to the environment, the Earth_

(be) greener.

1. If people no longer (pollute) the atmosphere, the air (soon become)

clean again.

Write conditional sentences type 2, using the cues given.

1. What/ happen/ if/ water pollution/ stop?

_

1. We/ be/ happy/ if/ air pollution/ the world/ be/ a/ better place?

_

1. If/ there/ be/ no more pollution/ the world/ be/ a better place?

_

1. If/I/ be/ you/I/ take/ these bottles/ the bottle bank.

_

1. If/ people/ not really care/ the environment/ they/ not try/ save it.

_

1. The river/ not be/ so polluted/ if/ factories/ not dump/ waste/ it.

_

1. We/ be/ less worried/ if/ oil spills/ not have/ such destructive effects.

_

1. If/ we/ destroy/ the ozone layer/ what/ save/ us/ the UV rays?

_

Complete the passage with the correct form of the verbs in brackets.

The problem of global warming would improve if we all (1) _ (do) something

to reduce it! For example, if we all (2) (turn off) our mobile phone chargers at

night, we’d save a lot of energy. And we (save) a lot of water if we all (4)

_ (turn off) the tap when cleaning our teeth. If we (5) (recycle) more, less rubbish (6) _ (go) to landfill sites. And if we (7) _ (cycle) more, our parents

(8) (not need) to use their cars so often. Let’s make a difference!

Complete the sentences with the correct form of the verbs in brackets.

1. If we (not recycle) paper now, we’ll need to cut down more trees in the future.
2. If the local people (have) fresh water, they wouldn’t have to use polluted water.
3. What (happen) if radioactive material was not handled properly?
4. If we recycle more household waste, there (be) less damage to the environment.
5. If we (not understand) environmental problems, we would not be able to do anything about them.
6. If the polar ice-caps melted completely, Sea levels worldwide (rise) about 60 metres.
7. The amount of plastic in the ocean (increase) if we (not take) action now.
8. These fish (not die) if the factory (not dump) its toxic waste into the river.
9. There _ (not be) enough oxygen if we (not protect) the rainforests.
10. If I _ (be) the President, I _ (ban) billboards in cities in order to reduce visual pollution.
11. Use the correct form of the word given to complete each sentence.
12. It’s evidence that this ocean is clean and environmentally . (pollute)
13. Diseases are primarily due to food and air. (contaminate)
14. While some Chemicals may be harmless others can cause _. (damage)
15. Life expectancy has gone down due to diseases caused by air pollution. (die)
16. In remote regions, the air is pure and the crops are free of _ insecticides. (poison)
17. Some scientists warn that light damages people and animals. (pollute)
18. Many Chemicals have a _ effect on the environment. (damage)
19. The dumping of I sewage into the sea is a source of ocean pollution. (treat)
20. A _ is a substance that makes something dirty, polluted, or poisonous.

(contaminate)

1. Water pollution can lead to the _ of aquatic plants and animals. (die)
2. Underline the correct preposition in each of the following sentences.
3. Water pollution can be harmful at / to fish and animals that live along the river.
4. Using drinking water to water the garden is a waste from / of natural resources.
5. Ways must be found to prevent the poisonous gases on / from polluting the air.
6. Textile factories dump tonnes of toxic waste into / at the Citarum River.
7. She’s come up to / with amazing new ideas to help protect the environment.
8. Noise pollution can have harmful effects on / in human health.
9. The overuse of pesticides causes damage in / to the environment.
10. Too much of light pollution results in / of increase in the energy consumption.
11. The river has been polluted with / from toxic waste from local factories.
12. Children should be aware at / of the environmental issues we’re facing.

C. SPEAKING

1. Make questions for the underlined words.

1.

Water pollution is the contamination of water bodies, such as lakes, rivers and oceans.

2. The river water is heavily contaminated because of toxic waste dumping.

3. There are five major types of pollution.

4. If I were the President, I would ban cars from city centres.

5. Most of the plastic waste ends up in the oceans.

6.

Death or disfiguration are common effects of exposure to radioactive waste. 7. Ho Chi Minh City is more polluted than Panang.

8. In my neighbourhood, garbage is collected everyday.

9.

Every individual is responsible for solving environmental issues.

10. _ Land pollution can be prevented by the proper disposing of the litter.

1. Complete the dialogue with the appropriate sentences (A- H).
2. Because I’m doing a class project on pollution in the city.
3. Too many billboards along the road, open storage of trash; networks of electric wires crisscrossing each other above the street, etc.
4. Visual pollution is what you would call anything unattractive or visualizing or damaging to the landscape.
5. It generates distraction, eye tatigues and other psychological problems.
6. Yeah, I know. Not only water pollution, but also for air, soil noise, light and visual pollution.
7. Yes, I took it yesterday.
8. Exactly! Garbage on riverside.
9. I think so too.

Bailey: Did you take that photo, Xuan?

Xuan: (1) _

Bailey: Let me see. A photo of a river... but it looks like you want to capture the garbage.

Xuan: (2) _

Bailey: Why garbage?

Xuan: (3) _ Bailey: This picture is for water pollution, isn’t it? I think you need more. Xuan: (4) _ Bailey: Visual pollution? I’ve never heard about it before.

Xuan: (5) _

Bailey: Can you give me some examples?

Xuan: (6) _

Bailey: So what are the effects of visual pollution?

Xuan: (7) _

Bailey: Oh, I see. There is too much visual pollution in the City, so I think it’s not difficult to take photos of different visual pollutants.

Xuan: (8) _

D. READING

1. Complete the passage with the words from the box.

honking loss commonly source referred rural unheard even

A screaming child, TV blaring in the living room, a vacuum cleaner, loud music coming from a teen’s bedroom: a busy home can be a (1) of constant noise. Once

you step outside, there’s (2) more noise pollution. On an average day, you may

hear your neighbour’s lawn mower, (3) cars, sirens, maybe even ear-shattering

sounds of a construction or a work site-a saw, a drill, a jackhammer. Welcome to the modern

• and very noisy - world. Unless you live in a very quiet (4) area, you are no

stranger to the phenomenon of environmental noise, (5) called noise pollution.

Noise pollution is often (6) to as the “modern unseen plague” for good reason. It may be unseen but certainly not (7) ! It disturbs us practically everywhere we go,

day and night. And, besides leading to hearing (8) mental health in more ways than one.

it impacts our physical and

1. Read the passage, then do the tasks.

According to Greenpeace, more than 100,000 sea creatures and a million sea birds die every year after eating plastic or getting trapped in plastic rubbish. Sometimes, when baby turtles get trapped in plastic the shape of their Shell changes when they grow. Some sea creatures make their homes in plastic rubbish, such as the hermit crabs that live on polluted Pacific beaches.

Every year, the world produces more than 300 million tonnes of plastic! In a minute, people around the globe use more than a million plastic bags and they throw away more than a million plastic bottles. Where will all this plastic end up? About 10% of it will be recycled, and some will go to landfill, but a lot of it will end up polluting the oceans. Experts estimate that there are already 200 million tonnes of plastic in the world’s oceans, and this will increase by about 7 million tonnes every year.

Because plastic isn’t biodegradable it won’t decompose naturally, so all the plastic that we have now in the world will exist forever. That means we’ll need to clean up the oceans if we want to protect our sea creatures. Better still, if we don’t use so much plastic, it won’t end up in the ocean! Experts are warning that if we don’t take urgent action, there might be more plastic than fish in the sea by 2050.

1. Match the words to their definitions.

1. Decide whether the following statements are true (T) or false (F).
   1. Plastic rubbish kills a million birds every year.
   2. The hermit crabs living on Pacific beaches die because of plastic pollution.
   3. Around the world, people use more plastic bottles than bags.
   4. Less than half of plastic bottles and bags end up getting recycled.
   5. Plastic rubbish will disappear naturally over time.
   6. It is predicted that there will be more plastic than fish in the oceans by 2050.
2. Answer the questions.
   1. What never decomposes?

_

• 1. How many tones of plastic are dumped in the oceans every year?

_

• 1. Why do we need to clean up the oceans?

_

• 1. What can we personally do to help resolve this problem?

_

E. WRITING

1. Reorder the words to make full sentences.
   1. of bodies/ directly/ Air pollution/ contaminate/ can/ of water and soil/ the surface.

_

• 1. trees/ so much/ don’t/ We/ if/ we/ waste/ will/ thousands of/ paper/ save.

_

• 1. would/ bad/air pollution/ What/ got/ you/ really/ do/ if?

_

• 1. as/ the death/ Polluted water/ animals/ of/ fish and crabs/ such/ aquatic/ causes.

_

• 1. went/ more/ less/ to/ If/ we/ recycled/ rubbish/ landfill sites.

_

• 1. the overuse/ has/ Agriculture/ on/ an/ land pollution/ impact/ of/ Chemicals/ due to.

_

• 1. much/ cities/ lights/ use/ Too/ of/cause/ in/ may/ light pollution/ electric

_

• 1. our time/ is/ one/ most/ of/ problems/ serious/ Water pollution/ the/ of/ environmental

1. Complete the second sentence so that it has the same meaning to the first one.
   1. I think you should use energy efficient light bulbs.

If I

• 1. He produced a great idea for our environmental project.

He came

• 1. Because she was absent from the meeting, she didn’t know the resolution. Because of
  2. I won’t take part in the volunteer program because I don’t have enough free time. If I
  3. We need to reduce our plastic waste, otherwise we’ll threaten our own existence, If we _
  4. Due to the hurricane last night, I was without electric power.

Since there _

• 1. People dumped toxic waste Products into the rivers or landfill sites.

Toxic waste products _

• 1. Air pollution deaths will double by 2050 if nations don’t act.

Unless _

• 1. As the world’s temperatures rise, the Arctic keeps losing its ice.

Due to _

• 1. I live by the sea, so I’m really worried about global warming.

If I _

⋆⋆⋆⋆⋆⋆⋆⋆⋆⋆⋆⋆⋆⋆⋆⋆⋆⋆⋆⋆⋆⋆⋆⋆⋆⋆⋆⋆⋆⋆⋆⋆

TEST FOR UNIT 7

I. Choose the word whose underlined part is pronounced differently from the others.

Complete each sentence with an appropriate word. The first letter of each word is given.

1. The fish have died because the river water is heavily p _.
2. Health e from air pollution include lung cancer, and respiratory diseases.
3. Acid rain causes serious d to plants and trees.
4. If the air wasn’t dirty, Nick w sneeze so much.
5. The main gases that l _ to acid rain are sulfur dioxide and nitrogen dioxide.
6. There is a danger of serious contamination from radioactive w .
7. Hundreds of d _ fish were found floating in the river near the factory.
8. U _ sewage can spread disease and contaminate drinking water sources.

Choose the best answer A, B, C or D to complete the sentence.

1. After the accident, many people were exposed radiation.
   1. from B. at C. to D. with
2. Light pollution has a wide range of negative effects _ I’m human health.
   1. on B. of C. for D. to
3. can cause high blood pressure, heart problems, sleep disturbances, and hearing problems.

A. Air pollution B. Light pollution C. Water pollution D. Noise pollution

1. The levels of carbon dioxide in the atmosphere have risen _ the burning of fossil fuels.
   1. therefore B. because C. in spite of D. due to
2. If rubbish is non-biodegradable, it forever.
   1. exists B. will exist C. won’t exist D. doesn’t exist
3. are Chemicals that are used to kill unwanted plants, such as weeds.
   1. Fertilizers B. Pesticides C. Herbicides D. Pollutants
4. There would be much less pollution _ people stopped using cars completely.
   1. if B. since C. when D. although
5. Emissions of pollutants into the air can changes to the climate.
   1. get on B. end up C. go into D. result in
6. can we help save our environment?
   1. What B. How C. Why D. How much
7. If we care about plastic waste _.

A. why won’t we stop drinking bottled water? B. we would use reusable shopping bags

C. we will throw away plastic water bottles. D. why don’t we buy plastic bags?

Choose the underlined word or phrase, A, B, c or D that needs correcting.

• 1. What will happen if the Earth stopped moving?

A B C D

• 1. One of the things all of us can do to protect and improve our environment is recycle.

A B C D

• 1. Humans can even die if they will drink contaminated water.

A B C D

• 1. Long-term exposure to loud noise results permanent hearing loss.

A B C D

• 1. They believe that water pollution is the large cause of death and disease in the world.

A B C D

• 1. Is the recycling process in itself damaging for the environment?

A B C D

• 1. We won’t save the environment if we stop using so much energy.

A B C D

• 1. One in six species is at risk of extinction because climate change.

A B C D

• 1. The amount of waste decreased if people started to buy reusable packages.

A B C D

• 1. Contaminated water can cause of many types of diarrheal diseases, including cholera.

A B C D

1. Write the correct tense or form of the verbs in brackets.
2. It would be better for the environment if more people (use) bikes rather than cars.
3. If we use less energy, we (help) reduce greenhouse gas emissions.
4. Every year, million tons of plastic (dump) into the oceans.
5. A thick smog (settle) over New Delhi since winter (begin).
6. Noise pollution can (cause) by vehicle, aircraft, and industrial noise.
7. Human activities (destroy) nature at an unacceptable rate right now.
8. A decade ago, WHO (classify) air pollution as a link to lung cancer.
9. If the temperature (increase) by a few degrees during the next few years,

we _ (run into) serious problems.

1. What (happen) if all the pollution in the world_ _ (disappear)?
2. At 8 o’clock last night, I (watch) “A Plastic Wave”, a documentary on plastic pollution.
3. We should avoid _ (buy) frozen foods because their packaging is mostly plastic.
4. Air pollution can make people _ (die).

Supply the correct form of the words in brackets.

1. As an why do you oppose banning plastic bags? (environment)
2. The radiation leak has had a effect on the environment. (disaster)
3. The water supply is being tested for _. (contaminate)
4. Heavy metals in water cut short millions of lives every year. (drink)
5. Scientists warn that plastic pollution in oceans will be one of the threats. (big)
6. Pollution is the process of making parts of the living environment . (dirt)
7. If thermal pollution continues for a long time, it can cause huge bacteria. (possible)
8. She became deaf after long-term to noise in the workplace. (expose)
9. Living near a busy road could cause high blood _. (press)
10. Wastewater a process used to remove contaminants from sewage. (treat)

Match the questions to the answers.

1. Choose the word which best fits each gap.

Many human activities over the last 200 years have been responsible (1) polluting the air and damaging people’s health. Automobile engines and power plants burn combustible (2) like gasoline and coal and allow toxic gases and smoke to escape into the air. Some pollutants destroy the ozone layer, which is the thin blanket of gases that

1. _ Earth from the Sun’s dangerous ultraviolet rays. Other pollutants contribute to
2. warming by adding to the planet’s natural greenhouse effect. Still others create

acid rain, a phenomenon that has disastrous (5) on lake and forest habitats. Air

pollution is not limited to industrial areas. Depending on the direction of the wind and its force, air pollutants may (6) spread to other countries very far from the source of the pollution.

Big cities like Los Angeles and Mexico City are*often covered by smog, a fog that occurs (7) air pollution. In 1952, the City of London, England, was enveloped by

smog so thick that people on the streets had to feel their way around by (8) walls of buildings!

the

Read the passage carefully and do the tasks.

There are many kinds of pollution. Air, water, and land can be polluted. Some pollution is caused by nature, such as foods, forest fires, and volcanoes. People are the major Cause of pollution. We pollute the air with our cars, homes, and factories. Smoke from factories and car exhaust makes the air looks gray and smoggy. Some people cannot go outside when the air is very bad! We pollute the water by dumping garbage and Chemicals in the water. Plants and animals die because of the pollution in the water. We pollute the soil with Chemicals and garbage. We harm the land by cutting down trees in the forest, especially to build roads and new houses without careful planning and thinking.

The only way to save our environment is to think about pollution. How can you stop or limit pollution? How do we protect our environment? Conservation is one way to protect our environment. Conservation is the wise use and protection of our environment. We can control water pollution by not producing as much as waste and by proper disposal of sewage and garbage. We can take care of recreation land by cleaning up, after ourselves and not causing more pollution. Carpooling and public transportation will help reduce air pollution.

Recycling is a type of conservation. Recycling is reusing items over again or in a new way. Recycling can help us conserve our natural resources so they will last many more years.

Find the word in bold in the passage that means:

• 1. the protection of the natural environment _
  2. have a bad effect on something _
  3. a large amount of water covering an, area that usually dry _
  4. sharing a car ride with other people _
  5. waste gases that come out of an engine _
  6. the process of making air, water, soil, etc. dirty _
  7. get rid of _

Choose the correct answers.

• 1. According to the passage, pollution
     1. is always caused by humans. B. can only be caused by nature.

C. is mainly caused by humans. D. may sometimes cause natural disasters.

• 1. What kind of pollution may a car cause?
     1. Air pollution B. Water pollution C. Soil pollution D. Light pollution
  2. Which of the followings is not an example of soil pollution?
     1. Land development B. Waste disposal

C. Pesticide or fertilizer use D. Exhaust from traffic

• 1. How can we help save our environment?
     1. Stop pollution. B. Dump garbage into the river.

C. Drive cars everywhere. D. Cut down trees in the forests.

• 1. How does recycling help the environment?
     1. It expands landfills. B. It saves natural resources.

C. It increases water pollution. D. It causes air pollution.

• 1. What can we do to help reduce air pollution?
     1. Walk or bike B. Carpool to work or school

C. Use public transport D. All of the above

• 1. What is the main idea of this article?
     1. The air is dirty because of cars and factories.
     2. The soil gets polluted from littering.
     3. People cause pollution, but they can also stop or limit it.
     4. Conservation is the only way to stop environmental pollution.

Joining two sentences, using the words in brackets.

1. We must conserve water. Otherwise we will face serious water shortages. (IF)

_

1. The weather was awful. We didn’t enjoy our camping holiday. (BECAUSE OF)

_

1. Plastic bags are non-biodegradable. They will remain in the environment for many years.

(SINCE)

_

1. Paul doesn’t think about the planet. He wastes so much water. (IF)

_

1. Water pollution happens. Many aquatic animals such as fish can die. (LEAD)

_

1. The climate is changing. The earth is getting warmer. (BECAUSE)

_

1. We should stop cutting down so many trees. We endanger our oxygen supply. (UNLESS)

_

1. People begin to recycle. They generate much less trash. (WHEN)

_

1. We are damaging the ozone layer. The ozone layer is necessary for human existence.

(EVEN THOUGH)

_

1. Sue is suffering from skin cancer. She was exposed to radiation when she was young. (SO)

_

ĐÁP ÁN

UNIT 7: POLLUTION

1. PHONETICS
2. Mark the stress in the following.

1. Write the words from the box in the correct part of the table, according to the stress pattern.

1. VOCABULARY AND GRAMMAR
2. Match the different types of pollution to the pictures.

1. Complete the sentences with the words or phrases in part I.

1. Complete the sentences with the words from the box.

1. Underline the right option.

1. Match the two halves of the sentence.

1. Choose the best answer to complete the sentences.

1. Complete the sentences with the verbs in brackets. Use conditional sentences type 1

1. Complete the sentences with the verbs in brackets. Use conditional sentences type 2.

1. Write conditional sentences type 2, using the cues given.
2. What would happen if water pollution stopped?
3. We would be happy if air pollution was the only problem.
4. If there was no more pollution, would the world be a better place?
5. If I were you, I would take these bottles to the bottle bank.
6. If people didn't really care about the environment, they wouldn't try to save it.
7. The river wouldn't be so polluted if factories didn't dump waste into it.
8. We would be less worried if oil spills didn't have such destructive effects.
9. If we destroyed the ozone layer, what would save us from the UV rays?
10. Complete the passage with the correct form of the verbs in brackets.

1. Complete the sentences with the correct form of the verbs in brackets.

1. Use the correct form of the word given to complete each sentence.

1. Underline the correct preposition in each of the following sentences.

1. SPEAKING
2. Make questions for the underlined words.
   1. What is water pollution?
   2. Why is the river water heavily contaminated?
   3. How many major types of pollution are there?
   4. What would you do if you were the President?
   5. Where does most of the plastic waste end up?
   6. What are common effects of exposure to radioactive waste?
   7. Which City is more polluted, Ho Chi Minh City or Da Nang?
   8. How often is garbage collected in your neighborhood?
   9. Who is responsible for solving environmental issues?
   10. How can land pollution be prevented?
3. Complete the dialogue with the appropriate sentences (A- H).

1. READING
2. Complete the passage with the words from the box.

1. Read the passage, then do the tasks.
2. Match the words to their definitions.

1. Decide whether the following statements are true (T) or false (F).

1. Answer the questions.
   1. Plastic never decomposes.
   2. About 7 million tonnes of plastic are dumped in the oceans every year.
   3. We need to clean up the oceans to protect our sea creatures.
   4. To help resolve this problem, we don't use so much plastic.

E. WRITING

1. Reorder the words to make full sentences.
   1. Air pollution can directly contaminate the surface of bodies of water and soil.
   2. We will save thousands of trees if we don’t waste so much paper.
   3. What would you do if air pollution got really bad?
   4. Polluted water causes the death of aquatic animals such as fish, crabs.
   5. If we recycled more, less rubbish went to landfill sites.
   6. Agriculture has an impact on land pollution due to the overuse of Chemicals.
   7. Too much use of electric lights in cities may cause light pollution.
   8. Water pollution is one of the most serious environmental problems of our time.
2. Complete the second sentence so that it has the same meaning to the first one.
   1. If I were you, I would use energy efficient light bulbs.
   2. He came up with a great idea for our environmental project.
   3. Because of her absence from the meeting, she didn’t know the resolution.
   4. If I had more free time, I would take part in the volunteer program.
   5. If we don't reduce our plastic waste, we’ll threaten our own existence.
   6. Since there was a hurricane last night, I was without electric power.
   7. Toxic waste Products were dumped into the rivers or landfill sites.
   8. Unless nations act, air pollution deaths will double by 2050.
   9. Due to the rise in the world's temperatures, the Arctic keeps losing its ice.
   10. If I didn’t live by the sea, I wouldn't be so worried about global warming.

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TEST FOR UNIT 7

1. Choose the word whose underlined part is pronounced differently from the others.

1. Choose the word whose main stress pattern is placed differently.

1. Complete each sentence with an appropriate word. The first letter of each word is given.

1. Choose the best answer A, B, C or D to complete the sentence.

1. Choose the underlined word or phrase, A, B, c or D that needs correcting.

1. Write the correct tense or form of the verbs in brackets.

1. Supply the correct form of the words in brackets.

1. Match the questions to the answers.

1. Choose the word which best fits each gap.

1. Read the passage carefully and do the tasks.
2. Find the word in bold in the passage that means:

1. Choose the correct answers.

1. Joining two sentences, using the words in brackets.
2. If we don't conserve water, we will face serious water
3. We didn’t enjoy our camping holiday because of awful weather.
4. Since plastic bags are non-biodegradable, they will remain in the environment for many years.
5. If Paul thought about the planet, he wouldn't waste so much water.
6. Water pollution can lead to the death of many aquatic animals such as fish.
7. The earth is getting warmer because the climate is changing.
8. Unless we stop cutting down so many trees, we will endanger our oxygen supply.
9. When people begin to recycle, they generate much less trash.
10. We are damaging the ozone layer even though the ozone layer is necessary for human existence.
11. Sue was exposed to radiation when she was young, so she is suffering from skin cancer.